Materials & Fabric Knowledge · Yizhe Studio

Materials that
shape how your
garment performs.

Fabric selection is one of the most important decisions in garment development. The right material affects silhouette, hand feel, print result, wash behavior, and how the finished product aligns with your brand positioning.

This page explains the common fabric types, construction factors, and material considerations we work with across sweatshirts, T-shirts, pants, denim, and knit trims -- to help you make informed decisions before and during the development process.

Materials and fabrics for custom clothing production
French terry fabric texture for custom clothing
Clothing fabric swatches for material selection
  • Since 2019
  • OEM Production
  • Sample to Bulk
  • International B2B Support

-- Common Fabric Categories

The material types we
work with most.

The right fabric for any garment depends on the product design, target silhouette, season, intended techniques, and budget. Below are the main fabric groups we regularly work with in custom apparel development.

Knit Fabrics

Jersey, French Terry & Fleece

Loop-knit and jersey constructions are the foundation of sweatshirts, T-shirts, and casual pants. These fabrics offer varying degrees of stretch, weight, and surface texture depending on yarn composition and finishing.

  • Sweatshirts & hoodies
  • T-shirts & heavyweight tees
  • Joggers & casual pants
Woven Fabrics

Twill, Canvas & Stretch Wovens

Woven constructions provide structure and durability, making them suitable for workwear-influenced pants, outerwear, and structured casualwear. Twill, canvas, and stretch-woven blends are among the most commonly used in our product range.

  • Structured casual pants
  • Cargo & utility styles
  • Outerwear shells
Denim Fabrics

Rigid, Stretch & Washed Denim

Denim is available in a wide range of weights, constructions, and surface finishes. Key variables include weight, stretch content, indigo depth, and washability -- all of which affect the final look and wearability of the garment.

  • Jeans & denim pants
  • Denim jackets & shirts
  • Washed & distressed styles
Rib Knit

Ribbing & Trim Knits

Rib knit is used for cuffs, neckbands, waistbands, and hem finishes. The elasticity, rib structure, weight, and composition of the ribbing must be matched to the main fabric to ensure consistent recovery and visual balance.

  • Crewneck & collar ribbing
  • Cuff & hem bands
  • Waistband inserts
Performance & Sport

Performance Knits & Blends

For sportswear and activewear, moisture management, 4-way stretch, and fabric recovery are key considerations. Polyester-spandex and cotton-spandex blends are commonly used depending on the performance level and aesthetic direction.

  • Athletic tops & shorts
  • Training sets
  • Leisure & athleisure styles
Trims & Notions

Hardware, Labels & Accessories

Beyond fabric, the choice of elastic, drawcords, zippers, buttons, snaps, eyelets, and labels all contribute to the finished garment's functionality and brand presentation.

  • Zippers, snaps & eyelets
  • Elastic & drawcords
  • Main labels, care labels & hangtags

-- By Product Type

Common fabrics for each
product category.

Each product type has its own range of suitable materials. The information below reflects common options we work with -- the actual fabric for your project is determined through the development process and confirmed via swatch or sample.

Sweatshirts & Hoodies

French Terry & Fleece Fabrics

Hoodie and sweatshirt fabric options

French Terry

A loop-back knit with a smooth face and looped interior. Lighter and more breathable than fleece, suitable for lighter sweatshirts and transitional-season styles. Common weight range: 280-320 gsm. Prints and embroidery both work well on french terry.

Brushed Fleece

A raised, softened interior that provides warmth and a plush feel. Common in heavyweight hoodies and thicker crewnecks. Typically 320-450 gsm. The brushed interior affects embroidery placement and printing substrate -- confirmed during sample stage.

Cotton & Blends

100% cotton, cotton-polyester, and cotton-polyester-rayon blends each offer different levels of softness, structure, and shrinkage behavior. Blending ratios affect print quality, color retention after washing, and the overall drape of the finished garment.

Key Considerations

Weight affects structure, warmth, and puff print performance. Surface texture impacts the print substrate. Shrinkage behavior should be factored into pattern grading. All fabric properties are confirmed against the approved sample before bulk production.

T-Shirts & Heavyweight Tees

Jersey & Single Knit Fabrics

Jersey fabrics for T-shirts and tops

Single Jersey

A standard knit used for everyday T-shirts. Lightweight, soft, and easy to print on. Typically 160-200 gsm. Works well for screen printing, DTG, and sublimation depending on the composition and color of the base fabric.

Heavyweight Jersey

Heavier and denser than standard jersey, typically 220-300 gsm. Provides better structure, a more premium drape, and a more substantial hand feel. Popular in streetwear positioning. Puff print, rubber print, and embroidery all perform well on heavier base fabrics.

Cotton & Blended Options

100% combed cotton offers softness and printability. Cotton-polyester blends improve dimensional stability and reduce shrinkage. Tri-blends (cotton, polyester, rayon) offer a vintage, soft drape. Each composition affects color vibrancy and hand feel after wash.

Key Considerations

T-shirt fabric selection depends on your target weight positioning, print method, washing treatment, and silhouette. An oversized boxy cut may require a heavier, more structured jersey to hold the intended shape across sizes.

Pants & Bottoms

Knit, Woven & Stretch Fabrics

Woven and stretch fabrics for pants

French Terry & Fleece (Joggers)

Used for joggers and casual pants. French terry provides a lighter, structured feel while fleece adds warmth. Both materials support matching set production when sourced from the same fabric lot as the sweatshirt top.

Twill & Structured Wovens

Cotton twill and canvas are used for more structured casual and workwear-influenced pants. These fabrics provide better drape definition and durability. Available in different weights, finishes, and stretch options.

Stretch & Woven Blends

Adding a small percentage of elastane (typically 2-5%) to woven fabrics improves ease of movement without compromising structure. Stretch wovens are often used in slim-cut or tailored pants where fit is a priority.

Key Considerations

Matching sets require fabric from the same dye lot and batch. Waistband construction -- whether drawcord, elastic, or structured -- affects which fabrics are appropriate and needs to be confirmed at the pattern stage.

Denim Products

Rigid, Stretch & Washed Denim

Denim fabric options for custom garments

Rigid Denim

Non-stretch denim in a range of weights, typically 10-14 oz. Provides structure and a classic appearance. Suitable for straight-leg jeans, denim jackets, and shirts. Weight affects how the garment drapes and how it washes down over time.

Stretch Denim

Contains a percentage of elastane, typically 1-3%. Allows for closer-fitting silhouettes and improved ease of movement. Used in slim and skinny cuts. Recovery behavior -- how well the fabric returns to shape -- varies by blend and construction.

Washed & Treated Denim

Garment washing alters the surface, hand feel, and appearance of denim. Stone wash, enzyme wash, acid wash, and sandblasting each produce different visual results. The base fabric weight and indigo shade influence the final washed effect.

Key Considerations

Denim shrinkage and shade variation between bolts must be managed during cutting. Washing treatment is confirmed on an approved sample before bulk production. Target shade and wash effect are referenced against the client's approved sample or reference.

-- Material Properties

Composition, weight,
hand feel and structure.

The same fabric name can produce very different results depending on fiber composition, construction method, and finishing treatment. Understanding these factors helps define what to look for when selecting materials for your project.

Fiber Composition

The fiber blend directly affects softness, breathability, durability, and how the fabric responds to printing, embroidery, and washing. Common compositions in our product range:

  • 100% Cotton: Soft, breathable, good print substrate -- but may shrink more
  • Cotton / Polyester: Improved dimensional stability, color retention after wash
  • Cotton / Polyester / Rayon: Soft, vintage-like drape; popular for relaxed fits
  • Polyester / Spandex: Stretch and recovery; used in performance styles

Fabric Weight / GSM

GSM (grams per square meter) is a key indicator of fabric weight and influences structure, warmth, drape, and cost. General reference ranges by product type:

  • T-shirts (standard): 160-200 gsm
  • Heavyweight tees: 220-300 gsm
  • French terry: 280-340 gsm
  • Fleece sweatshirts: 320-450 gsm

These are reference ranges only. Actual weight is confirmed during fabric sourcing and sample development.

Hand Feel & Surface Texture

Hand feel describes how the fabric feels when touched -- soft, smooth, textured, structured, or brushed. It is influenced by:

  • Fiber composition and yarn quality
  • Knit or weave construction method
  • Finishing treatment (brushing, peaching, enzyme wash)
  • Post-wash behavior of the final garment

Hand feel descriptions are subjective. Actual material properties are best confirmed through swatch samples.

Stretch & Recovery

Stretch properties affect how the garment fits and moves, and whether it returns to its original shape after wear. Key distinctions:

  • 2-way stretch: Stretches in one direction (typical of most knits)
  • 4-way stretch: Stretches in both directions (used in performance fabrics)
  • Recovery: How well the fabric returns to shape after stretching
  • Elastane content: Higher % provides more stretch but may affect print adhesion

Drape & Structure

Drape refers to how a fabric falls and moves on the body. Structure refers to how well it holds its shape. These properties influence silhouette design decisions:

  • Drapey fabrics suit relaxed, flowing silhouettes
  • Structured fabrics hold boxy or architectural cuts
  • Weight and construction affect shoulder and hem behavior
  • Oversized styles may need heavier, crisper fabrics to avoid collapse

Shrinkage & Wash Response

How a fabric behaves after washing affects final garment dimensions, surface appearance, and long-term wearability. Key considerations:

  • 100% cotton typically shrinks 3-8% without pre-shrink treatment
  • Poly blends offer better dimensional stability after repeated washes
  • Garment-washed styles are pre-shrunk during finishing
  • Color fastness varies by dye method and wash temperature

-- Ribbing & Hardware

Ribbing, trims &
garment accessories.

Ribbing and trims contribute to how a garment looks, wears, and holds up over time. These components must be selected and matched carefully alongside the main fabric.

RIB KNIT TRIMS

Ribbing for Neckbands, Cuffs & Hems

Ribbing is used at neckbands, cuffs, waistbands, and hem bands on sweatshirts, T-shirts, and similar products. The rib structure, weight, and composition must align with the main fabric to ensure consistent tension and visual proportion.

Common rib constructions include 1×1 rib, 2×1 rib, and flat rib variants. Each offers different levels of elasticity and surface texture. Ribbing weight and density affect how tightly it closes around the body -- important for functional cuffs and necklines.

Color matching between the ribbing and main fabric is managed through dye lot coordination. For custom colors, ribbing may be dyed separately and confirmed against the main fabric swatch before bulk production.

1×1 Rib
Even elasticity, clean appearance
2×1 Rib
More stretch, ribbed texture
Flat Rib
Lighter, less structured bands
HARDWARE & ACCESSORIES

Functional Trims & Notions

Trims include all components beyond the main fabric and ribbing that contribute to garment function and brand identity. Selection is based on the product type, design direction, and client brand requirements.

Elastic & Drawcords
Waistband elastic, hood drawcords -- matched to fabric weight and brand style
Zippers
YKK or equivalent; metal or plastic teeth; invisible or exposed; open-end or closed-end
Buttons & Snaps
Resin, metal, corozo, or plastic; size and finish matched to design
Eyelets & Grommets
Metal hardware for drawcord exits, ventilation, or decorative use
Labels & Hangtags
Main labels, care labels, size labels, and printed or woven hangtags for brand identity
Patch & Appliqué Bases
Woven or leather-look patches; coordinated with main fabric and garment wash treatment

Trim Matching & Consistency

All trim selections -- ribbing color, zipper finish, hardware type, label size, and drawcord material -- are confirmed and signed off before bulk production. Trims sourced from the same supplier batch are used throughout a production run to minimize variation. Any deviations from the approved sample are flagged for client review before proceeding.

-- Selection Guidance

How to approach
fabric selection.

Fabric selection is not made in isolation. The most appropriate material for your product depends on a combination of design, construction, technique, and commercial requirements. The following factors help define the right direction for your project.

Factors That Influence Fabric Choice

Product Category & Silhouette
A boxy oversized hoodie requires a different fabric weight and structure than a slim-cut crewneck. The intended silhouette defines the baseline weight and construction requirements.
Season & Wearing Environment
A year-round T-shirt needs different fabric considerations than a cold-weather sweatshirt. Breathability, thermal properties, and moisture behavior are all relevant to seasonal positioning.
Printing, Embroidery & Washing Process
Different fabrics respond differently to puff print, screen printing, embroidery, garment washing, and dyeing. The intended technique must be compatible with the chosen fabric structure and fiber content.
Brand Positioning & Target Market
The intended retail price point, target consumer, and brand identity should all inform material direction. Premium positioning typically calls for higher fabric weights, better yarn quality, and more considered finishing.

Additional Considerations

Required Hand Feel & Structure
If your product requires a specific softness, surface texture, or body feel, referencing a physical sample or swatches is the most reliable way to communicate and confirm the expectation.
Order Requirements
Some fabrics or compositions require minimum order quantities from the mill. Order volume and the number of colors and SKUs will influence which fabric options are viable for your project.
Composition & Performance Requirements
If your brand has specific requirements around fiber content, shrinkage tolerance, or after-wash performance, these should be communicated at the start of development so materials can be evaluated accordingly.

-- What to Share With Us

Help us recommend the right materials for your project.

The more information you can share about your product concept, the more accurately our team can assess material options, suggest appropriate fabrics, and identify any technical considerations before development begins.

Submit Your Project Details →
  • Product type and intended silhouette (oversized, slim, regular fit)
  • Product sketches, design images, or Tech Pack if available
  • Target fabric weight (GSM) or reference garment for hand feel
  • Fiber composition preference or requirements (e.g., 100% cotton, poly blend)
  • Printing, embroidery, or washing techniques planned for the product
  • Target season, market, and approximate order quantity
  • Reference samples or brand positioning information

-- Start the Conversation

Ready to discuss
your fabric requirements?

Share your product concept, reference images, Tech Pack, or sample garment. Our team will review your requirements and come back with fabric recommendations, available options, and a clear path through development.

We do not operate a retail fabric shop. Our fabric sourcing and selection service is part of the custom garment development process for B2B clients developing their own clothing lines.

Discuss Your Fabric Requirements

Tell us about your product and fabric needs. We'll follow up with recommendations.

We respond to all fabric inquiries within 1-2 business days. No spam, no unsolicited offers.

© Yizhe Studio -- Materials & Fabrics · Dongguan Yizhe Clothing Co., Ltd.

Humen, Dongguan, Guangdong, China · Est. 2019